Perspective

, Volume: 19( 2) DOI: 10.37532/0974-7451.2023.19(2).268

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The Fauna of Unionidae and Corbiculidae Family in the Water Reservoirs of Surkhandarya River

*Correspondence:

Kh T Boymurodov
Department of Ecology,
Samarkand State University,
Samarkand,
Uzbekistan;
Email: boymurodov1971@mail.ru

Abstract

Surkhandarya is located in the south of the republic. It includes the Sherabad valley and the surrounding mountains. The country borders with the Babatag and Khisor Mountains in the east and the northern east. Surkhandarya flows through Kashkadarya, northern-west to Amudarya. The rivers in the Surkhandarya region are mostly covered by snow, glacial irrigation and underground waters. The diversity of natural conditions in Surkhandarya has led to the distribution of many unique, endemic and relict animals. Nowadays, important problem is to research clam of Uniondae and Corbiculidae`s family in water reservoirs of Surkhandarya.

Keywords

Mountains; Rivers; Snow; Irrigation

Introduction

The study of the importance of ecosystems, zoogeography problems, history of freshwater fauna, hydrobiological masses and a number of bioecological features, as well as the study of practical issues of ecological monitoring bioindication.We have information about some taxonomic features and ecological features of the clams on the Surkhandarya coast. Taking into consideration the above, the necessity of comprehensive study of the clam coastal reservoirs on the Surkhandarya river basin appeared. We used the available references to analyze the systematic composition of the Surkhandarya river basin. Surkhandarya’s Southern Surkhan and Tupolong rivers collected materials from spring, summer and autumn of 2014-2018. As well as collection materials stored at the Department of Ecology of Samarkand state of University [1].

Description

This reservoir is one of the largest artificial reservoirs in Uzbekistan. Shurchi and Djarkurgan districts was build in 1958-1967. In the middle stream of Surkhandarya there was a dam on the narrowest (absolute height 390 metr) river valley. Full volum of reservoir 800.0 mln.m³. Maximal height of dam 30.0 metr. Maximum water extraction capacity 150.0 m³/sek. Fish breeding in the southern Surkhan water reservoir is being developed, as well as local fishery, climatised carp and tolstolobic fish. We have found materials from 2014, taking into account the systematic composition, biodiversity, distribution, and other important aspects of the clams in the southern Syrdarya reservoir and its various water types. As a result of literature study and research, it was found out that there were 5 species of clams Unionidae and Corbiculidae in the South Surkhan reservoir. They belong to 2 families and 3 seeds. At the right bank of the water reservoir Sinanodonta gibba, S. orbicularis, S. pernuorum are common and their biological densities are found in more than 2 m³ biotopes of more other reservoirs. Collection and processing of all data was carried out in accordance with clear methods. The size of the shells in the Sinandonta seeds varies width, thickness, and average convention. S. gibba cleanses the water by filtering water with amyobas, green evglena, infusion and freshwater grasses that spread in the southern slopes of the reservoir. The mollusk shell varies from the ecological factors in the water and the location of the reservoir [2,3].The dam is located on the left of the Sinanodonta orbicularic, S. puerorum. Corbicula cor, C. purpurea, C. fluminalis live in the southern Surkhan reservoir seats and on the right bank of the mollusk. The first and last species among them are numerous in number. The left bank of the water reservoir and the water canal C. purpurea, C. cor, Corbiculina ferghanensis, C. ferghanensis.

The cellars in the reservoirs are plentiful in sand and mud. The colletopterum cyreum sogdianum is disseminated in the wet biodiversity [4]. Water reservoir of Topalang. It was built beach of the Topalang rivers. Its ground 10.8 km². Its size 30.2 mln.m³ according to the 01.02.2018 data. Several kinds of fish was brought. The reservoirs can be found in the Topalang river as the water from the Topalang river and other benthos organisms and many waterfowl species. Our research revealed that there were 5 species of mammals in the reservoirs with 2 families and 4 breeds. The corgulus of the Chinese coastal lacustrine along the coastal water of the Sin anodota Orbicularis differs from the biotype at 1-15 m² and is about 1-2 in size. Corbucula cor, Cobucula fluminalus, Corbicular purpurea and Corbicula tibetensis are commonly exposed to sludge-dried sand stones and water-courses of the basin, including the first and last species. For living organisms water soil and airs are the basic living environment of which water plays an important role for most organisms. The indicators is a good indicator of the quality of water in the water basin. Hydrogen bubbles are good features. We have made the above information based on the distribution of the moles of water in the Surkhan basin. In total 8 reservoirs and 1 subspecies of Topalang water reservoir were discovered in the south Surkhan reservoir, consisting of 5 species and 1 small double livestock [5].

Conclusion

Along with the continuation of studying the species composition of mollusks in the reservoirs, the study of vital cycles of large, clams, important for the national economy, their internal and external parasites, strict control over the protection of the unique, endemic and riches of their habitat should be taken. The southern Surkhan water reservoir is located on the plains, where Chinese gluten- free fish and local mussels have been added to China, and the waste water is a long way from the Surkhandarya water supply. Due to the fact that Topalong reservoir is separated by Surkhandarya and its other types of water, the number of species of double-headed cloves is relatively small.

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