Original Article

, Volume: 13( 3)

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Paper Mill Pollutants Reduction-Azolla pinnata

*Correspondence:

Sivakumar D , Department of Civil Engineering, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi 600 062, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Tel: 919790973774; E-mail: shri.sivakumar1974@gmail.com

Abstract

In this present study, Azolla pinnata an aquatic plant was used to remove pollutants from effluent of paper mill. The constructed wetland study was conducted against dilution ratio, pH, and biomass of Azolla pinnata. The maximum percentage removal was found at the optimum dilution ratio of 6, pH of 8 and biomass 400 g for various parameters from the effluent of paper mill. The maximum removal percentage of 84.3%, 90.6% and 82.6% respectively for TDS, BOD, and COD from the effluent of paper mill. This study concluded that Azolla pinnata was successfully used for eradicating all properties from the effluent of paper mill.

The percentage reduction of TDS, BOD and COD in a paper mill effluent is low by Azolla pinnata at low biomass, and then increases with increased biomass.

The results indicated that at high biomass, the biomass is sufficient to remove the pollutants in a paper mill effluent than at low biomass, where biomass is not sufficient to sorb pollutants in a paper mill effluent.

For the biomass of 400 g, the maximum reduction was observed for all selected parameters, beyond which (for 500 g), there was no further reduction, as that of reduction observed for 400 g biomass. Hence, optimum biomass found in this study is 400 g and the maximum sorption removal percentage of 84.3%, 90.6% and 82.6% respectively was observed for TDS, BOD and COD from the effluent of paper mill by Azolla pinnata.

From Figure. 1 to 3, it may be observed that the order of removal efficiency between TDS, BOD and COD in a paper mill effluent is BOD>TDS>COD against the selected process parameters of dilution ratio, pH, and biomass.

Conclusion

The constructed wetland experiments were done to know the aptness of Azolla pinnata for eradicating TDS, BOD and COD in paper mill effluent. The ability of Azolla pinnata was observed for removing TDS, BOD, and COD against the process parameters like dilution ratio, biomass, and pH. The results of this study indicated that the maximum removal percentage of TDS, BOD, and COD from the effluent of paper mill was found to be 84.3%, 90.6% and 82.6% respectively and it was identified at an optimum dilution ratio of 6, biomass of 400 g and pH of 8. Thus, this study concluded that the aquatic plant Azolla pinnata might be used as sorbents for removing TDS, BOD, and COD along with other parameters in paper mill effluent. Further, this study may extend to remove any pollutant from not only in a paper mill effluent, but also from any industrial wastewater.

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